This ion is essential to the coagulation process.

A) Potassium

B) Chloride

C) Calcium

D) Sodium

Answer: Calcium

Which of the following is a coagulation test?

A) Hemogram

B) Digoxin

C) Protime

D) Myoglobin

Answer: Protime

Platelets are also called

A) neutrophils

B) thrombocytes

C) erthrocytes

D) leukocytes

Answer: Thrombocytes

The medical term for inflammation of a vein is

A) thrombosis

B) embolism

C) phlebitis

D) hemostasis

Answer: Phlebitis

The popliteal vein is found in the

A) arm

B) head

C) heart

D) leg

Answer: Leg

The normal composition of blood is approximately

A) 10% plasma, 90% formed elements

B) 55% plasma, 45% formed elements

C) 30% plasma, 70% formed elements

D) 91% plasma, 9% formed elements

Answer: 55% plasma, 45% formed elements

Normal adult blood volume is approximately

A) 5L

B) 4L

C) 8L

D) 10L

Answer: 5L

RBC's are producted in the

A) bloodstream

B) bone marrow

C) lymph nodes

D) thymus gland

Answer: Bone marrow

Lipid accumulation on the intima of an artery is called

A) cholesterol

B) atherosclerosis

C) endocarditis

D) lipemia

Answer: Atherosclerosis

Which of the following blood vessels are listed to the proper direction of blood flow?

A) Capillaries, arterioles, arteries

B) Arterioles, venules, capillaries

C) Arteries, arterioles, capillaries

D) Veins, venules, capillaries

Answer: Arteries, arterioles, capillaries

The antecubital fossa is located

A) posterior and proximal to the wrist

B) posterior and proximal to the elbow

C) anterior and distal to the elbow

D) anterior and distal to the wrist

Answer: Anterior and distal to the elbow

These are tiny blood vessels that are only one cell think.

A) Venules

B) Capillaries

C) Arteries

D) Arterioles

Answer: Capillaries

The "longest" vein in the body is the

A) femoral

B) great saphenous

C) inferior vena cava

D) aorta

Answer: Great saphenous

Systolic pressure measures pressure in the arteries during

A) ventricular contraction

B) ventricular relaxation

C) atrial contraction

D) atrial relaxation

Answer: Ventricular contraction

Normal systemic arterial blood is

A) dark blue

B) dark red

C) bluish red

D) bright red

Answer: Bright red

Oxygen and nutrients diffuse through the walls of the

A) capillaries

B) venules

C) arterioles

D) alveoli

Answer: capillaries

This is an abbreviation for a test that traces the electrical impulses of the heart

A) ALT

B) EEG

C) ECG

D) TnT

Answer: ECG

Myocardial ischemia is a condition that results from

A) complete blockage of a coronary artery

B) malfunction of an atrioventricular valve

C) death of a portion of myocardial tissue

D) partial obstruction of a coronary artery

Answer: Partial obstruction of a coronary artery

The human heart consists of how many chambers?

A) Four

B) Six

C) Two

D) Eight

Answer: Four

Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?

A) Conveying afferent nerve impulses

B) Excreting wastes from the the body

C) Carrying oxygen to the tissue cells

D) Producing the formed elements

Answer: Carrying oxygen to the tissue cells

The ability of oxygen to combine with this substance in the red blood cells increases by up to 70 times the amount of oxygen that can be carried in the blood.

A) Potassium

B) Glucose

C) Carbon Dioxide

D) Hemoglobin

Answer: Hemoglobin

Which body system controls and coordinates the activities of all the other body systems?

A) Skeletal

B) Nervous

C) Circulatory

D) Muscular

Answer: Nervous

Pancreatitis is a disorder of which system?

A) Reproductive

B) Respiratory

C) Skeletal

D) Digestive

Answer: Digestive

A person is having difficulty breathing. The medical term used to describe this condition is

A) asthma

B) dyspnea

C) pneumonia

D) emphysema

Answer: Dyspnea

Which of the following is a structure of the female reproductive system?

A) Pharynx

B) Oviduct

C) Sacrum

D) Ureter

Answer: Oviduct

Which body system is responsible for releasing hormones directly into the bloodstream

A) Ciculatory

B) Integumentary

C) Respiratory

D) Endocrine

Answer: Endocrine

The exchange of O2 and CO2 in the lungs take place in the

A) bronchi

B) larynx

C) trachea

D) alveoli

Answer: Alveoli

Bile is stored in the

A) gallbladder

B) duodenum

C) glomerulus

D) epididymis

Answer: Gallbladder

This gland is known as the "Master Gland" of the endocrine system.

A) Pineal

B) Thyroid

C) Thymus

D) Pituitary

Answer: Pituitary

The brain and spinal cord comprise the

A) autonomic nervous system

B) peripheral nervous system

C) somatic nervous system

D) central nervous system

Answer: Central nervous system

The spinal cavity is enclosed and protected by three layers of connective tissue called

A) bursae

B) afferent nerves

C) meninges

D) calcaneous

Answer: Meninges

This skin is avascular

A) Corneum

B) Epidermis

C) Dermis

D) Subcutaneous

Answer: Epidermis

Which skin structures give rise to fingerprints?

A) Hair follicles

B) Papillae

C) Oil glands

D) Arrector pili

Answer: Papillae

Simple compounds are transformed by the body into complex substances in the process called

A) anabolism

B) digestion

C) catabolism

D) homeostasis

Answer: Anabolism

Human chromosomes are

A) strands of deoxyribonucleic acid

B) rod-shaped bodies near the nucleus

C) networks of the tubules in the cytosol

D) structures within the cytoplasm

Answer: Strands of deoxyribonucleic acid

Which of the following is adipose tissue?

A) Bone

B) Cells

C) Fat

D) Skin

Answer: Fat

Skeletal system structures include

A) dendrites

B) phalanges

C) papillae

D) ureters

Answer: Phalanges

Which body plane divides the body into equal portions?

A) Frontal

B) Midsagittal

C) Transverse

D) Sagittal

Answer: Midsagittal

Probation of the hand is the act of

A) turning the hand palm down

B) flexing the hand at the wrist

C) extending the hand out to the side

D) rotating the hand so that it is vertical

Answer: Turning the hand palm down

A person who is standing erect with their arms at the side and eyes and palms facing forward is said to be in the

A) prone position

B) syncope position

C) supine position

D) anatomic position

Answer: Anatomic position

What is the prefix for "blue"?

A) aniso

B) cyan

C) post

D) erythr

Answer: Cyan

What acronym means "as necessary"?

A) PPD

B) T&C

C) RPR

D) PRN

Answer: PRN

The acronym RBC stands for

A) both b and c

B) red blood count

C) red bleed cell

D) none of the answers

Answer: Red bleed cell, red blood count

What does the suffix "algia" mean?

A) condition

B) disease

C) between

D) pain

Answer: Pain

The abbreviation for oxygen is ___.

A) CO2

B) O2

C) H2O

D) Oz

Answer: O2

How many deaths are estimated to be caused by "preventable medical errors"?

A) 210,000-400,000

B) 1.5 million

C) 310,000-600,000

D) 500,000-1 million

Answer: 210,000-400,000

What is the acronym for "National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences"?

A) NAFCLS

B) NACLS

C) NAALS

D) NAACLS

Answer: NAACLS

What part of the gastr/o/enter/o/logy is the suffix?

A) logy

B) gast

C) enter

D) o

Answer: Logy

The root words "nephr" and "___" mean kidney.

A) cephal

B) neur

C) encephal

D) ren

Answer: Ren

Which of the following abbreviations is on the JCs "Do Not Use" list?

A) cc

B) IU

C) mL

D) UTI

Answer: IU

The abbreviation "NPO" means ___.

A) negative patient outcome

B) no parenteral output

C) nothing by mouth

D) new patients only

Answer: Nothing by mouth

The root word "hemat" means ___.

A) head

B) bottle

C) bowel

D) blood

Answer: Blood

The prefix "Peri" means ___.

A) around

B) within

C) many

D) half

Answer: Around

What is the abbreviation for "Electroencephalogram"?

A) ECG

B) CBC

C) EEG

D) Chol

Answer: EEG

What is the prefix with the meaning "surgical puncture to remove a fluid"?

A) pathy

B) spasm

C) ium

D) centesis

Answer: Centesis

Phlebitis means

A) Inflammation of a vein

B) Inflammation of the intestines

C) Enlargement of the lips

D) Reduction of the hips

Answer: Inflammation of a vein

___ is the "most common vowel" used in combining vowels.

A) A

B) E

C) I

D) O

Answer: O

What is known as a special vocabulary of scientific and technical terms used in the healthcare professions?

A) Medical terminology

B) Combination words

C) Root words

D) Medical suffixes

Answer: Medical terminology

A "Root Word" is also known as a ___.

A) Word Ending

B) Word Stem

C) Prefix

D) Combining Word

Answer: Word stem

Which of the following represents improper aliquot preparation?

A) Removing the stopper behind a splash shield

B) Carefully pouring the contents into the aliquot tube

C) Covering or capping the aliquot tube immediately

D) None of the options

Answer: Carefully pouring the contents into the aliquot tube

Which specimen can be centrifuge immediately upon arrival in specimen processing?

A) Blood culture in an SPS tube

B) Calcium in a green top tube

C) CBC in a lavender stopper tube

D) Creatinine in an SST tube

Answer: Calcium in a green top tube

Which of the following collection circumstances is LEAST likely to result in delayed clotting of a serum sample?

A) Collection was difficult, hemolyzing red cells.

B) Patient has an elevated white blood cell count.

C) Patient is taking an anticoagulant medication

D) Specimen is chilled soon after being collected.

Answer: Collection was difficult, hemolyzing red cells.

Which statement describes proper centrifuge operation?

A) Centrifuge serum specimens before they start to form noticeable clots.

B) Never centrifuge both serum and plasma specimens in the same centrifuge.

C) Place tubes of equal size and volume opposite one another for balance.

D) Remove evacuated tube stoppers before placing them in the centrifuge.

Answer: Place tubes of equal size and volume opposite one another for balance.

Which of the following specimens are least likely to require special handling?

A) Bilirubin and serum folate

B) Choloesterol and uric acid

C) Gastrin and lactic acid

D) Homocysteine and renin

Answer: Choloesterol and uric acid

According to CLSI, the maximum time limit for separating serum or plasma from cells is

A) 15 minutes from the time of collection

B) 30 minutes from the time of collection

C) 1.0 hour from the time of collection

D) 2.0 hour from the time of collection

Answer: 2.0 hour from the time of collection

Which organization develops standards for specimen handling and processing?

A) CDC

B) CLIA

C) CLSI

D) FDA

Answer: CLSI

Which of the following specimens needs to be chilled?

A) Ammonia

B) Bilirubin

C) Cold agglutinin

D) Serum protein

Answer: Ammonia

Which of these is a source of preanalytical error that occurs before specimen collection?

A) Dehydrated patient

B) Misidentified patient

C) Mislabeled specimen

D) Wrong collection time

Answer: Dehydrated patient

Which of the following would NOT be considered a preanalytical error?

A) Failing to mix an additive tube.

B) Mislabeling an aliquot tube.

C) Misreporting patient results.

D) Using the wrong order of draw

Answer: Misreporting patient results.

Transporting blood specimens with the stopper up has nothing to do with

A) encouraging complete clot formation.

B) maintaining the sterility of the sample.

C) minimizing stopper-caused aerosols.

D) reducing agitation-caused hemolysis.

Answer: maintaining the sterility of the sample.

Use of one of the newer technologies, RFID, is emerging in health care as a

A) computer program for interfacing.

B) method of specimen identification.

C) mnemonic for strong disinfectant.

D) test code for chemistry analyzers.

Answer: method of specimen identification.

An example of a preanalytical error happening during specimen processing is

A) faulty collection technique.

B) inadequate centrifugation.

C) insufficient specimen.

D) patient stress and anxiety.

Answer: inadequate centrifugation.

Applications software called "middleware"

A) accepts data downloaded from POC instruments.

B) controls user-requested computer operation.

C) is considered temporary or secondary storage.

D) is the computer equipment used to process data.

Answer: accepts data downloaded from POC instruments.

A pneumatic tube is a

A) pressurized air transportation system.

B) temporary computer data storage unit.

C) tube connection between two computers.

D) type of collection tube for blood gases.

Answer: pressurized air transportation system

A barcode is a

A) coded instruction needed to control computer hardware.

B) confidential computer code required by HIPAA.

C) series of bars and spaces representing numbers or letters.

D) unique number given to each test request for ID purposes.

Answer: series of bars and spaces representing numbers or letters.

Which of the following is used by the laboratory to identify a specimen throughout the testing process?

A) Accession number

B) Hospital number

C) Mnemonic code

D) Password ID

Answer: Accession number

___ is the permanent computer memory that instructs the computer to carry out user-requested operations.

A) CPU

B) LIS

C) RAM

D) ROM

Answer: ROM

The process of entering a password and gaining access to a computer is called

A) accessioning.

B) interfacing.

C) logging on.

D) networking.

Answer: logging on.

A specimen would most likely be accepted for testing despite which of the following problems?

A) Expired evacuated tube

B) Incomplete identification

C) No phlebotomist initials

D) Quantity not sufficient

Answer: No phlebotomist initials